kmwkv¡m-cnI ho£-W-§-fm hnIr-X-am-¡-s¸-Sm-hp¶ Xcw Ap-im-k–§-fn s]«-XmWv kv{Xo ]utcm-lnXyw

• kmap-Zm-bn-I-Xew þ P\m-[n-]-Xys¯ k` ]pdw XÅn-bn-cp-¶p. cmPm-¡-·mÀ ssZhm-[n-Im-c-¯m `cWw \S-¯p¶p F¶v k` hniz-kn-¨p-t]m-¶p. hÀK-t{iWn AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«p. sImtfm-\n-b-en-k-¯n\v k`-bpsS AwKo-Imcw e`n-¨n-cp-¶p.
• krjvS-{]-]©w þ `qan kqcys\ Npäp¶p F¶v hniz-kn-¨-Xnâ t]cn K-eo-entbm aX-\n-cq-]-I-\mbn hn[n-¡-s¸«p! tPymXn-js¯ k` hne-a-Xn-¨n-cp-¶p. Bdp Znhkw sIm­mWv krjvSn-IÀ½w \S-¯n-b-sX-¶-Xns\ ssZh-\n-thinX ]T-\-ambn k` ]Tn-¸n-¨p-t]m-¶p.
• Bcm-[-\m-{Iaw þ tdmam-¡m-csâ ssZ\w-Zn\ hkv{Xs¯ “Xncp-hk-kv{X-ambn kzoI-cn¨p; sa{Xm-·msc ^yqUÂ {]`p-¡-sf-t¸mse IcpXn BZ-cn-¨n–cp-¶p. e¯o³ `mj ssZh-¯nsâ kz´w `mj-bmbn IW-¡m¡n.
• ssewKn-IX þ Úm\-hmZn (Gnostic)Isf `b¶v ssewKn-I-X-tbmSv \ntj-[m-ßI kao-]\w ]peÀ¯n-t¸m¶p. tdmam-¡m-cp-tSbpw PÀa³Im-cp-tSbpw knhn \nb-a-§Ä¡\p-k-cn-¨mWv Xncp-k-`-bn sshhm-lnI \nb-a-§Ä X¿m-dm-¡n-b-Xv.

Women were considered ‘beautiful creatures’, but totally inferior to men.

• _p²n-bn Ipd-hp-Å-hÀ
• sshImcnI Ønc-X-bn-Ãm-¯-hÀ
• hniz-kn-¡m³ sImÅ-cp-Xm-¯-hÀ
• t\XrXzw hln-¡m³ Ign-hn-Ãm-¯-hÀ

This inferiority was seen confirmed by the view that women were not complete human beings.

kv{XobpsS AWvU (ovum)¯nsâ {]hÀ¯-\-s¯-¡p-dn¨v Adn-hn-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. ]pcp-j-_o-P-amWv ]pXp-Po-h³ kwh-ln-¡p-¶Xv F¶ [mc-W-bmÂ, ]pcp-j-_o-P-amWv (sperm){]XypÂ]m-Z-\-¯n\v \nZm\w F¶v Icp-Xn-t¸m¶p.

tXmakv AIzn-\mkv t]mepÅ ssZh-im-kv{X–Ú-·mÀ kv{Xo ]utcm-ln-Xys¯ \ntj-[n-¨n–cp-¶-Xn\p ImcWw CX-s{X.

kv{XoI-fpsS amk-apd F¶ tami-amb “tcmK’-¯m AhÀ ]oUn-X-cm-bn-cp-¶p. CXv ssZh-¯nsâ ]cn-ip² Aįm-c-bn ip{iqj sN¿p-¶-Xn\v AhÀ¡v Atbm-KyX IÂ]n-¨p.

amk-ap-d-b-\p-k-cn-¨pÅ cà-{kmhw Aip-²-sa¶pw `oj-W-sa¶pw AXv kv]Àin-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v A]-I-S-I-c-sa¶pw Icp-Xn-t¸m-¶p. ChÀ¡v Iev]n-¯n-cp¶ {`jvSv tdmam-km-{am-Py-¯n AXn-i-à-am-bn-cp¶p; a[y-i-X-I-§fnepw, t]mcm, 20-þmw \qäm-­p-h-scbpw CXv XpSÀ¶p t]m¶p.

Cu Zn\-§-fn tZhm-e-b-¯n {]th-in-¡p-¶-Xn \n¶pw, hnip² IpÀ_m\ ssIs¡mÅp¶-Xn \n¶p-t]mepw kv{XoIÄ XS-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶p. Nne-t¸mÄ AhÀ Znhy-Im-cpWyw kzoI-cn-¨n-cp-¶Xv ssIbn hncn¨ Hcp XpWn-bn-t·-em-Wv. Znhy-ta-isb kao-]n-¡m³ AhÀ XoÀ¯pw “Aip-²À’ Xs¶!

CXn-s\Ãmw D]-cn-bm-bn, ]pcp-j-·m-cpsS ]m]-Im-c-Whpw kv{XoI-fp-sS-ta Npa-¯n-bn-cp-¶p.

BZs¯ ]m]-¯n\p t{]cn-¸n¨p F¶ Ipäw lÆm-bn Btcm-]n-¡-s¸-«p. X·qew “]pcp-j\v \nsâ-ta B[n-]Xyw D­m-bn-cn¡pw F¶v lÆmbv¡v e`n¨ ssZho-I-im-]-¯nsâ in£ FÃm kv{XoI-fp-sSbpw ta h¶v ]Xn-¨p.