Modern scholars for and against the ordination of women

Opposing the Ordination of Women		In favour of the Ordination of Women
AGAINST ORDINATION A		FOR ORDINATION A
Michael Azkoul, Order of Creation/Order of Redemption The Ordination of Women in the Orthodox Church.		Denise Ackerman, Feminist Liberation Theology Marcella Althaus-Reid, ‘On not Looking like Christ …’ José Arana [y María Salas], Mujeres Sacerdotes ¿Por qué No…? Jean-Marie Aubert, ‘Women Priests?’
AGAINST ORDINATION B		FOR ORDINATION B
Hans Urs von Balthasar, The Uninterrupted Tradition of the Church Joseph Bernardin, The Ministerial Priesthood and the Advancement of Women Inos Biffi, The Churches Stance Continues the Practice of Christ and the Apostles Louis Bouyer, ‘The Priest and the Eucharist’, Christian Priesthood and Women, Woman in the Church Jutta Burggraf , Woman’s Spiritual Motherhood Attests to God’s Mercy and Love Sara Butler , Quaestio disputata: “in persona Christi”, ‘The Findings of the Research Team of the Catholic Theological Society of America’[Since this article she has changed her position and supports the Vatican point of view. See her book “The Catholic Priesthood and Women”: A Guide to the Teaching of the Church.]		Gregory Baum, ‘The Credibility of the Church Today’, ‘Ministry in the Church’ Ruth Tiffany Barnhouse, ‘An Examination of the Ordination of Women to the Priesthood in Terms of the Symbolism of the Eucharist’ Tina Beattie, ‘A Man and Three Women. Hans, Adrienne, Mary and Luce’ , ‘The Female Body and the Sacramental Priesthood in neo-orthodox Catholic Theology’, ‘Mary, the Virgin Priest?’ Belgian Bishops’ Conference [eds. Ann Bedeleem and Ilse van Halst], ‘Who may dwell within your Tent?’ Reimund Bieringer, *‘The Scriptural Argument in Ordinatio Sacerdotalis’* Patricia Marlette Black,, ‘The New is Elsewhere’: Women’s Leadership in Community-Profit Organisations, Dismas Bonner, ‘Church Law and the Prohibition to Ordain Women’ Kari Elisabeth Børresen , ‘The Ordination of Women: To Nurture Tradition by Continuing Inculturation’, Religion Confronting Women’s Human Rights: The Case of Roman Catholicism, Madeleine I. Boucher, ‘Women and the Apostolic Community’ Veronica Brady, ‘The God of Small Things’, God, Women and the Question of Power’ Susan Breckel, ‘Women and Ministries in the 1970s’, Margaret Brennan, ‘What Kind of Ecclesiology Will We Need in the Future’ Catharina Broomé, ‘The Priestly Vocation of Thérèse of the Child Jesus’ Bernadette Brooten, ‘ “Junia Outstanding among the Apostles” (Romans 16:7)’ Raymond Brown, ‘Roles of Women in the Fourth Gospel’ Peter Burns, ‘Women’s Ordination and Infallible Teaching, An Inquiry. Was the Teaching Infallible?’ Lavinia Byrne, ‘On being Women in the Church’
AGAINST ORDINATION C		FOR ORDINATION C
Jean Corbon , Ordination of Women Creates Serious Ecumenical Problems		Del Cain, ‘Women and Christianity’ Sidney Callahan, ‘Misunderstanding of Sexuality and Resistance to Woman Priests’ Francine Cardman, ‘Non-Conclusive Arguments: Therefore, Non-Conclusion?’, ‘Tradition Hermeneutics and Ordination’ Anne Carr, ‘Is a Christian Feminist Theology Possible?, ‘Chains that Bond: Creating the Future Church’, ‘Authentic Theology in Service of the Church’ Elizabeth Carroll, ‘Women and Ministry’, ‘The Political Implications of the Call’ , ‘Women in the Life of the Church ’ Damien Casey, ‘The Fractio Panis and the Eucharist as Eschatological banquet’ Juliana Casey, ‘ “Transitory Character” . . . Only in “Disciplinary Cases of Minor Importance”? ’ Joe Cecil, ‘Public Petition to the Bishops for Women Priests’ Joan Chittister , ‘The Ordination of Women: A Question of Authority of Theology’, ‘Divinely Ordained? Religious Creation Myths and the Relation of Militarism to Sexism ’ , ‘American Women Religious and Ministry: New Challenge, Traditional Response ’ Ann Mary Clement, ‘Women Disciples’ Adela Yarbro Collins, ‘The Ministry of Women in the Apostolic Generation’ John Collins, ‘Contextualising Dorothea Reininger’s Women Deacons’ Paul Collins, ‘Papal Power’ Sheila Collins, ‘Chains that bind: Racism, Classism, Sexism’ Bernard Cooke, ‘Women in the Sacramental Priesthood’ James Coriden (ed.), , Sexism and Church Law: Equal Rights and Affirmative Action Angela M. Cornyn, ‘Once again, women are being cast out of the Catholic Church’ Alcuin Coyle, ‘Dialog with Church Leaders and Theological Schools on Charisms and Priestly Ministry’ Janette Cranshaw, ‘Pondering the Issue of Women’s Ordination in the Roman Catholic Church’ Agnes Cunningham, ‘Pastoral Ministry’ Cora E. Cypser , ‘The Perennial Problem of Sin’
AGAINST ORDINATION D		FOR ORDINATION D
Albert Descamps, Significance for Us Today of Christ’s Attitude and the Practice of the Apostles		Mary Rose D’Angelo, ‘Women and the Earliest Church: Reflecting on the Problématique of Christ and Culture’ Gérard Delteil, ‘The Religious Roots of inequality between men and women’ Sabine Demel, Sensus Fidelium: Der Glaubenssinn des ganzen Gottesvolkes: Fromme Floskel oder erfahrbare Wirklichkeit John R. Donahue, ‘A Tale of Two Documents ’ Eric Doyle OFM, ‘The Ordination of Women in the Roman Catholic Church’, *‘The Question of Women Priests and the argument in Persona Christi’‘The Ordination of Women, the State of the Question in the Roman Catholic Church’, ‘God and the Feminine’*
AGAINST ORDINATION E		FOR ORDINATION E
		Umberto Eco, ‘The exclusion of women from the priesthood according to Thomas Aquinas’ John J. Egan, ‘Use the Gifts God Gives. Last Testament of Monsignor John J. Egan’ René van Eyden, ‘Womenpriests: Keeping Mum or Speaking Out?’, ‘The Creation of Womanhood: A Hierarchical Construction’, ‘Women Ministers in the Catholic Church?’
AGAINST ORDINATION F		FOR ORDINATION F
		Michael A. Fahey, ‘Eastern Orthodoxy and the Ordination of Women’ Margaret A. Farley, ‘Discrimination or Equality? The Old Order or the New?’ Fran Ferder, ‘A Psychological Investigation of 100 women who feel called to the Priesthood in the Catholic Church’, ‘Those Who Feel Called to Priesthood’ John Finnegan, ‘An Agenda For Dialogue Between Catholic Feminists and Church Authorities’ Joseph Fitzmyer(Pro or Con?, Fidelity to Jesus and the ordination of women M. Nadine Foley, ‘Woman, Human and Ecclesial?’, ‘Women in Vatican Documents 1960 to the Present’ J. Massyngberde Ford, ‘Women Leaders in the New Testament’, ‘“The Permanent Value of Jesus and the Apostles” ’, ‘The “Ordination” of Queens’
AGAINST ORDINATION G		FOR ORDINATION G
		Richard R. Gaillardetz, ‘The Ordinary Magisterium: Unresolved Questions’, ‘The Reception of Doctrine: New Perspectives’, ‘Infallibility and the Ordination of Women’ Dennis J. Geaney, ‘Dialog with Women on their Call to Ministry and Priesthood’ Ivone Gebara Mujeres: ¿Un Tema? ¿Un Desafío? ¿O La Otra Mitad de la Humanidad?, Jesus from an Ecofeminist Perspective, Ecofeminism and Liberation MaryAnn Getty, ‘God’s Fellow Worker and Apostleship’ Jeannine Gramick, SSND, ‘The Place of Silencing in the Teaching of the Church’ Jacquelyn Grant, Feminist Christology: The Problem Stated Mary Grey, ‘Reclaiming women’s part in redeeming’ , ‘The Ordination of Women – Seeking a New Approach’
AGAINST ORDINATION H		FOR ORDINATION H
		Vincent Emmanuel Hannon, The Question of Women and the Priesthood Bernhard Häring, ‘A Letter to the Pope’ Clara Maria Henning, ‘Celibacy as a Feminist Issue’ Catharine A. Henningsen, *‘Shedding Light on Church Teachings. The American Catholic* Talks with Bishop Raymond A. Lucker’ Emily C. Hewitt, ‘Anatomy and Ministry: Shall Women Be Priests?’ Michael Hewitt-Gleeson, ‘What did Jesus Really Say About ”Women Priests?” ’ Robert J. Heyer (eds.), , Women and Orders Hamilton Hess, ‘Changing Forms of ministry in the Early Church’ Jean M. Higgins, ‘Fidelity in History’ Denise C. Hogan, ‘Reflections on Discipleship’ Ruth Hoppin, ‘The Book of the Hebrews Revisited: Implications of the Theology of Hebrews for Gender Equality’ Rita Anne Houlihan, ‘Discernment of Ministries’ Robert W. Hovda, ‘Recognizing Christ in Women Priests’ Patricia Hughes, ‘ Strategies for Transformation: Healing a Church’ Peter Hünermann, ‘The discussion on Women Priests in the Catholic Church’, ‘A theologian’s dilemma on women priests’, ‘Conclusions Regarding the Female Diaconate Mary Hunt, ‘Roman Catholic Ministry: Patriarchal Past, Feminist Future’**
AGAINST ORDINATION I		FOR ORDINATION I
		Dorothy Irvin, ‘Omnis Analogia Claudicat’
AGAINST ORDINATION J		FOR ORDINATION J
		Rosemary Lauer, ‘Women Clergy for Rome?’ Gertrud Jaron Lewis, ‘God and the Human Being in the Writings of Gertrud of Helfta’ Anne Jensen, ‘The Representation of Christ, Ecclesiastical Office, and Presiding at the Eucharist ’, ‘Is the ordination of women an ecumenical problem?’, ‘Prisca—Maximilla—Montanus: who was the founder of ‘Montanism’?’ Elizabeth A. Johnson, ‘Basic Linguistic Options: God, Women, Equivalence’, ‘Disputed questions: authority, priesthood, women.’, ‘The Incomprehensibility of God and the Image of God Male and Female’
AGAINST ORDINATION K		FOR ORDINATION K
		Robert J. Karris, ‘The Role of Women according to Jesus and the Early Church’, Women in the Pauline Assembly: To Prophesy, But Not To Speak?’ Marie-Henry Keane, ‘Woman seen as a ‘problem’ and as ‘solution’ in the theological anthropoloqy of the Early Fathers: Considering the Consequences’ Michael Keane, ‘The Call of Conscience. The dilemma of the Christian in a totalitarian church’ Ralph A. Keifer, ‘The Priest as “Another Christ” in Liturgical Prayer’ Ann Kelley, ‘Ordination: A Questionable Goal for Women’ Christopher Kiesling, ‘Aquinas on Persons’ Representation in Sacraments’ Edward J.Kilmartin, ‘Apostolic Office: Sacrament of Christ’, ‘Bishop and Presbyter as Representatives of the Church and Christ’, ‘Full Participation of Women in the Life of the Catholic Church’ Ursula King, Women and Spirituality Joseph A. Komonchak, Theological Questions on the Ordination of Women Hans Küng, ‘Women’s Ordination and Infallibility’
AGAINST ORDINATION L		FOR ORDINATION L
Joyce Little, Women are Called to Bear Christ into Their Families and the World		Paul Lakeland, Can Women be Priests? Jean LaPorte, , The Role of Women in Early Christianity Nicholas Lash, ‘On Not Inventing Doctrine’ Paul J. LeBlanc, ‘Substantive Changes in Sacraments?’ Hervé Legrand, The Non-ordination of Women: Tradition or Simply an Historical Fact? Klaus Lüdicke, ‘Protection by Virtue of the Law?’
AGAINST ORDINATION M		FOR ORDINATION M
Gustave Martelet, The Mystery of the Covenant and Its Connection with the Nature of the Ministerial Priesthood Aimé Martimort, The Value of the Theological Formula “In Persona Christi”		Sebastian MacDonald, ‘Human Conflicts within Church Ministry and the Ordination of Women’ Gary Macy, ‘The Ordination of Women in the Early Middle Ages’ Marjorie Reiley Maguire, ‘Bible, liturgy concur: women were there’ Joanna Manning, ‘The Catholic Church in the Next Millennium’ John Hilary Martin, ‘The Injustice of not Ordaining Women: A Problem for Medieval Theologians’ E. Ann Matter, ‘Innocent III and the Keys to the Kingdom of Heaven’ Mary McAleese, ‘It Won’t Wash With Women’, ‘Coping with a Christ who does not want women priests almost as much as He wants Ulster to remain British’ Richard McBrien, ‘Institutional and Ministerial Implications of the New Ecclesiology’, ‘Muzzling the Theologians’ Eamonn McCarthy, ‘Soline Vatinel, the Archbishop and Me.’, ‘What about you, do you want to go away too?’ Dorothea McEwan, ‘The Ordination Of Women – A Living Tradition’ John L. McKenzie, ‘St. Paul’s Attitude Toward Women’ Katherine Meagher, ‘Women in Relation to Orders and Juristiction’ Roberta Meehan, ‘Biology for Theologians. A Scientific Look at Male-Only Ordination’ Haye van der Meer , Priestertum der Frau?, Women Priests in the Catholic Church? (English translation), Annie Lally Milhaven, The Inferior Mix. The Real Reasons Why the Catholic Church Does Not Ordain Women John Miller, ‘And all was Revealed to Him’ Francis G. Morrisey, ‘The Juridical Significance of the Declaration ’, ‘The Juridical Status of Women in Contemporary Ecclesial Law’ Josefa Theresia Münch, ‘Letter to Pope John Paul II’, ‘My Letters to the Pope’ , ‘Catholic Women Priests?,
AGAINST ORDINATION N		FOR ORDINATION N
Michael Nolan, What Aquinas Really Said Michael Novak, Women, Ordination and Angels		National Assembly of Women Religious, Women in Ministry: A Sisters’ View Marie Augusta Neal, ‘Women in Ordained Ministry’ Thomas More Newbold, ‘Symbolism of Sexuality: Person, Ministry and Women Priests’ Barbara Newman, ‘St. Hildegard on the Frail Sex’ Klaus Nientiedt, ‘How Binding? “Ordinatio sacerdotalis” unleashes debate on the Magisterium’
AGAINST ORDINATION O		FOR ORDINATION O
		OCW, New Woman, New Church, New Ministry Ann O’Hara Graff, ‘Infallibility complex: Have we heard the final word on women’s ordination?’ Joseph S. O’Leary, ‘Integrity’ Thomas F. O’Meara, ‘A New Look at Orders: Ministry for the Many’ Mary Aquin O’Neill, ‘Toward a Renewed Anthropology’ Ladislas Örsy, The Church: Learning and Teaching, ‘Infallibility Explored’ – the Professor replies’ Carolyn Osiek, ‘The Ministry and Ordination of Women according to the Early Church Fathers’, ‘The Church Fathers and the Ministry of Women’ Gilbert Ostdiek, ‘The Ordination of Women and the Force of Tradition’ Giorgio Otranto , ‘Notes on the Female Priesthood in Antiquity’, ‘The Problem of the Ordination of Women in the Early Christian Priesthood’ Owen O’Sullivan, ‘Where are the Priest-Prophets?’
AGAINST ORDINATION P		FOR ORDINATION P
Hermann Pottmeyer, Refining the Question about Women’s Ordination		Elaine Pagels, ‘What Became of God the Mother?’ C. F. Parvey (ed.), Ordination of Women in Ecumenical Perspective Anne E. Patrick, ‘Studies on Women Priests’, Women and Religion: A Survey of signifacant Literature, 1965-1974 Hayim G. Perelmuter, ‘Rabbinical Tradition on the Role of Women’ Pheme Perkins , ‘Peter’s Pentecost Sermon: A Limitation on Who May Minister. . . ?’ Jan Peters, ‘Is There Room for Women in the Functions of the Church?’ Jeanne Pieper, ‘The Forbidden Subject: The Ordination of Women’’ and ‘‘New Roles for Women in the Institutional Church’ Kim E. Power‘Of godly men and medicine: ancient biology and the Christian Fathers on the nature of woman’, *‘The Rehabilitation of Eve in the De institutione uirginis* of Ambrose of Milan’, ‘Re-imagining Mary at Christmas’ Bernard P. Prusa**, ‘Use the Other Door; Stand at the End of the Line ’
AGAINST ORDINATION Q		FOR ORDINATION Q
		Sonya A. Quitslun, ‘In the Image of Christ’
AGAINST ORDINATION R		FOR ORDINATION R
Joseph Ratzinger, The Male Priesthood: A Violation of Women’s Rights?, ‘Infallibility Explored’		Kelley A. Raab, Christ as a Woman From When Women Become Priests, Ch.5 Rosemary Radford Ruether, ‘Christology and Feminism:Can a Male Saviour Save Women?’, ‘Women Priests and Church Tradition’, ‘Can Men be Ordained?’ ‘Male Clericalism and the Dread of Women’ Karl Rahner, ‘The Charismatic Element in The Church’ Ida Raming , ‘Male discourse about God in the liturgy and its effects on women’, ‘The diaconate – a ministry for women in the Church’, ‘Ignored opportunities for women in canon law’, ‘Equal but other’ and the ordination of women, ‘The twelve apostles were men – -’, ‘A definitive “No” to the ordination of women?’ Uta Ranke-Heinemann, ‘Female Blood: The Ancient Taboo and its Christian Consequences’, ‘Celibatarian Repression of Women’ Thomas P. Rausch, ‘Ordination and the Ministry Willed by Jesus’ Aruna Rodrigues, ‘A Wounded Body of Christ’ Mary Ann Rossi, ‘The Passion of Perpetua, Everywoman of Late Antiquity’, ‘The Legitimation of the Abuse of Women in Christianity’
AGAINST ORDINATION S		FOR ORDINATION S
Jonathan Schumann, Ecclesia Speramus: Ordination of Women Priests Raimondo Spiazzi, The Advancement of Women according to the Church		María Salas [y Mª José Arana], Mujeres Sacerdotes ¿Por qué No…? Sandra M. Schneider, ‘Did Jesus Exclude Women from Priesthood?’ Elisabeth Schüssler-Fiorenza, ‘To Comfort or to Challenge’, ‘The Twelve’, ‘The Apostleship of Women in Early Christianity’ Mary Ellen Sheehan, ‘Important Clarifications on Argument and Authority’ Emmy Silvius, Is Our Institutional Church Unjust? Margaret G.Smith, ‘Changing Ministries’ Reinhold Stecher, ‘Deficiencies of the Church’s present Leadership’ Eileen Stenzel, ‘The Ordination of Women: A Statement of Strategy’ Carroll Stuhlmueller (ed.), Women and Priesthood: Future Directions, ‘The Call to Dialog within the Church’, ‘Culture, Leadership and Symbolism in the Old Testament’, ‘Bridegroom: A Biblical Symbol of Union, Not Separation’ Francis Sullivan , ‘Recent theological observations on magisterial documents and public dissent’, ‘Guideposts from Catholic tradition. Infallibility doctrine invoked in statement against ordination by Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith’ Leonard Swidler & Arlene Swidler (eds.), Women Priests: A Catholic Commentary on the Vatican Declaration Arlene Swidler, Woman in a Man’s Church, ‘Ecumenism and the Lack There of’ Leonard Swidler, ‘ Introduction: Roma Locuta, Causa Finita?’, ‘Goddess Worship and Women Priests’
AGAINST ORDINATION T		FOR ORDINATION T
Max Thurian, A Marian Profile of Ministry Is The Basis of Women’s Ecclesial Role		George H.Tavard, Woman in Christian Tradition, ‘The Scholastic Doctrine’ Sexist Language in Theology? John E Thiel, ‘Tradition and reasoning: a nonfoundationalist perspective’ Barbara Thomas, ‘Law, Ministry and Women Religious’ Thomas L. Thompson, ‘The Divine Plan of Creation: 1Cor 11:7 and Gen 2:18-24’ Suzanne Tunc, , ‘Meals of the Community’, Des femmes aussi suivaient Jésus. Essai d’interprétation de quelques versets des évangiles Pauline Turner, ‘ Women Can Have a Natural Resemblance to Christ’
AGAINST ORDINATION U		FOR ORDINATION U
Hans Urs von Balthasar, The Uninterrupted Tradition of the Church		Marie Louise Uhr, ‘Obedience a Questionable Virtue’, ‘Women’s Ordination: Barriers and Boundaries’
AGAINST ORDINATION V		FOR ORDINATION V
Albert Vanhoye, The Church’s Practice in Continuity with New Testament Teaching		Caroline Vander Stichele , ‘Is Silence Golden? Paul and Women’s Speech in Corinth’ Marie-Thérèse Van Lunen Chenu, ‘Human rights in the Church: a non-right for women in the Church?’, ‘Marie-Thérèse is definitely not a ‘son’ of the Church!’, ‘The Status of Women in the Code of Canon Law and in the United Nations Convention’ Soline Vatinel, ‘Shaping Change, Women, the Diaconate & Priestly Ordination in the Roman Catholic Church’
AGAINST ORDINATION W		FOR ORDINATION W
Bishop Richard Williamson, ‘Girls at University’, ‘Why Women’s Trousers Represent Deep Revolt Against God’		Megan Walker, ‘Women in the Church’ John Wijngaards, Did Christ Rule Out Women Priests?, ‘The priesthood of Mary’, ‘God and our new Selves’, ‘When women were deacons’, ‘Christian Autonomy and the Church’, ‘Aquinas on Women’, ‘Are Women Called to be Priests?’ Women Leaders and the Catholic Church Women bishops? Views in the Roman Catholic Church, Official and Otherwise. WORTH, twelve theologians from India, ‘Letter to Pope John Paul II’ Helen M. Wright, ‘Diversity of Roles and Solidarity in Christ’ John H. Wright, ‘That all doubt may be removed’, *‘Patristic Testimony on Women’s 0rdination in INTER INSIGNIORES’*
AGAINST ORDINATION X, Y, Z		FOR ORDINATION X, Y, Z
		Phyllis Zagano, ‘Women Deacons – the Fears of Rome’